ACL 2025finding0 citations

A Law Reasoning Benchmark for LLM with Tree-Organized Structures including Factum Probandum, Evidence and Experiences

Jiaxin Shen, Jinan Xu, Huiqi Hu, Luyi Lin, Guoyang Ma, Fei Zheng, Fandong Meng, Jie Zhou

Abstract

While progress has been made in legal applications, law reasoning, crucial for fair adjudication, remains unexplored. We propose a transparent law reasoning schema enriched with hierarchical factum probandum, evidence, and implicit experience, enabling public scrutiny and preventing bias. Inspired by this schema, we introduce the challenging task, which takes a textual case description and outputs a hierarchical structure justifying the final decision. We also create the first crowd-sourced dataset for this task, enabling comprehensive evaluation. Simultaneously, we propose TL agent that employs a comprehensive suite of legal analysis tools to address the challenge task. This benchmark paves the way for transparent and accountable AI-assisted law-reasoning in the “Intelligent Court”.

BibTeX
@inproceedings{shen-etal-2025-law,
    title = "A Law Reasoning Benchmark for {LLM} with Tree-Organized Structures including Factum Probandum, Evidence and Experiences",
    author = "Shen, Jiaxin  and
      Xu, Jinan  and
      Hu, Huiqi  and
      Lin, Luyi  and
      Ma, Guoyang  and
      Zheng, Fei  and
      Meng, Fandong  and
      Zhou, Jie  and
      Han, Wenjuan",
    editor = "Che, Wanxiang  and
      Nabende, Joyce  and
      Shutova, Ekaterina  and
      Pilehvar, Mohammad Taher",
    booktitle = "Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2025",
    month = jul,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2025.findings-acl.887/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2025.findings-acl.887",
    pages = "17252--17274",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-256-5"
}
A Law Reasoning Benchmark for LLM with Tree-Organized Structures including Factum Probandum, Evidence and Experiences · ACL 2025