Yet Another Intermediate-Level Attack

Abstract

The transferability of adversarial examples across deep neural network (DNN) models is the crux of a spectrum of black-box attacks. In this paper, we propose a novel method to enhance the black-box transferability of baseline adversarial examples. By establishing a linear mapping of the intermediate-level discrepancies (between a set of adversarial inputs and their benign counterparts) for predicting their evoked adversarial loss, we manage to take full advantage of the optimization procedure of baseline attacks. We conduct extensive experiments to verify the effectiveness of our method on CIFAR-100 and ImageNet. Experimental results demonstrate that it outperforms previous state-of-the-arts by large margins. Our code will be made publicly available."