Theorem-Validated Reverse Chain-of-Thought Problem Generation for Geometric Reasoning
Deng Linger, Linghao Zhu, Yuliang Liu, Yu Wang, Qunyi Xie, Jingjing Wu, Gang Zhang, Yingying Zhu
Abstract
Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) face limitations in geometric reasoning due to insufficient Chain of Thought (CoT) image-text training data. While existing approaches leverage template-based or LLM-assisted methods for geometric CoT data creation, they often face challenges in achieving both diversity and precision. To bridge this gap, we introduce a two-stage Theorem-Validated Reverse Chain-of-Thought Reasoning Synthesis (TR-CoT) framework. The first stage, TR-Engine, synthesizes theorem-grounded geometric diagrams with structured descriptions and properties. The second stage, TR-Reasoner, employs reverse reasoning to iteratively refine question-answer pairs by cross-validating geometric properties and description fragments. Our approach expands theorem-type coverage, corrects long-standing misunderstandings, and enhances geometric reasoning. Fine-grained CoT improves theorem understanding and increases logical consistency by 24.5%. Our best models surpass the baselines in MathVista and GeoQA by 10.1% and 4.7%, outperforming advanced closed-source models like GPT-4o.
BibTeX
@inproceedings{emnlp2025_theoremvalidated,
title = {Theorem-Validated Reverse Chain-of-Thought Problem Generation for Geometric Reasoning},
author = {Deng Linger and Linghao Zhu and Yuliang Liu and Yu Wang and Qunyi Xie and Jingjing Wu and Gang Zhang and Yingying Zhu and Xiang Bai},
booktitle = {EMNLP 2025},
year = {2025}
}