Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Images Based on Reserving Room After Encryption and Multiple Predictors

Abstract

This paper proposes a new vacating room after encryption reversible data hiding scheme. Hidden data is embedded into the encrypted host image by bit-flipping a preselected bitplane of a randomly formed pixel group. The major novelty of the paper is the use of multiple predictors in an adaptive procedure for detecting between original and modified pixels. Four predictors are used on a context of four neighbors, namely the average of the four pixels, a weighted average based on local gradients, the median and the midpoint. Experimental results are provided. Compared with the state-of-the-art reserving room after encryption schemes, the proposed approach provides higher embedding bit-rates at lower distortion.