A Spectral-change-aware Loss Function for DNN-based Speech Separation

Abstract

Speech separation can be treated as a mask estimation problem where supervised learning is employed to construct the mapping from acoustic features to a mask. Interference can be reduced by applying the estimated mask on a time-frequency (T-F) representation of noisy speech, resulting in improved speech intelligibility. Most of existing learning networks for speech separation aim to minimize the Mean Square Error (MSE) over the training set, where the loss from each T-F representation is equally weighted. In this paper, we proposed a spectral-change-aware loss function, where loss from the T-F units with large spectral changes over time were assigned higher weights compared to the T-F units with minor spectral changes. Such spectral-change-aware loss function was evaluated on speech separation performance in terms of mask estimation accuracy, short-time objective intelligibility (STOI) and SNR gain of unvoiced segments. The results indicated that the proposed loss function could further improve the speech intelligibility and increase SNR gain of unvoiced segments even in the cost of increased error rate of estimated mask.