QUANTIZATION-BASED SCORE CALIBRATION FOR FEW-SHOT KEYWORD SPOTTING WITH DYNAMIC TIME WARPING IN NOISY ENVIRONMENTS

Abstract

Detecting occurrences of keywords with keyword spotting (KWS) systems requires thresholding continuous detection scores. Selecting appropriate thresholds is a non-trivial task, typically relying on optimizing performance on a validation dataset. However, such greedy threshold selection often leads to suboptimal performance on unseen data, particularly in varying or noisy acoustic environments or few-shot settings. In this work, we investigate detection threshold estimation for template-based open-set few-shot KWS using dynamic time warping on noisy speech data. To mitigate the performance degradation caused by suboptimal thresholds, we propose a score calibration approach that operates at the embedding level by quantizing learned representations and applying quantization error-based normalization prior to DTW-based scoring and thresholding. Experiments on KWS-DailyTalk with simulated high frequency radio channels show that the proposed calibration approach simplifies the selection of robust detection thresholds and significantly improves the resulting performance.