Multiset-Equivariant Set Prediction with Approximate Implicit Differentiation
Yan Zhang, David W Zhang, Simon Lacoste-Julien, Gertjan J. Burghouts, Cees G. M. Snoek
Abstract
Most set prediction models in deep learning use set-equivariant operations, but they actually operate on multisets. We show that set-equivariant functions cannot represent certain functions on multisets, so we introduce the more appropriate notion of multiset-equivariance. We identify that the existing Deep Set Prediction Network (DSPN) can be multiset-equivariant without being hindered by set-equivariance and improve it with approximate implicit differentiation, allowing for better optimization while being faster and saving memory. In a range of toy experiments, we show that the perspective of multiset-equivariance is beneficial and that our changes to DSPN achieve better results in most cases. On CLEVR object property prediction, we substantially improve over the state-of-the-art Slot Attention from 8% to 77% in one of the strictest evaluation metrics because of the benefits made possible by implicit differentiation.
BibTeX
@inproceedings{
zhang2022multisetequivariant,
title={Multiset-Equivariant Set Prediction with Approximate Implicit Differentiation},
author={Yan Zhang and David W Zhang and Simon Lacoste-Julien and Gertjan J. Burghouts and Cees G. M. Snoek},
booktitle={International Conference on Learning Representations},
year={2022},
url={https://openreview.net/forum?id=5K7RRqZEjoS}
}