Agent S: An Open Agentic Framework that Uses Computers Like a Human
Saaket Agashe, Jiuzhou Han, Shuyu Gan, Jiachen Yang, Ang Li, Xin Eric Wang
Abstract
We present Agent S, an open agentic framework that enables autonomous interaction with computers through Graphical User Interface (GUI), aimed at transforming human-computer interaction by automating complex, multi-step tasks. Agent S addresses three key challenges in automating computer tasks: acquiring domain-specific knowledge, planning over long task horizons, and handling dynamic, non-uniform interfaces. To this end, Agent S introduces experience-augmented hierarchical planning, which learns from external knowledge search and internal experience retrieval at multiple levels, facilitating efficient task planning and subtask execution. In addition, it employs an Agent-Computer Interface (ACI) to better elicit the reasoning and control capabilities of GUI agents based on Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). Evaluation on the OSWorld benchmark shows that Agent S outperforms the baseline by 9.37\% on success rate (an 83.6\% relative improvement) and achieves a new state-of-the-art. Comprehensive analysis highlights the effectiveness of individual components and provides insights for future improvements. Furthermore, Agent S demonstrates broad generalizability to different operating systems on a newly-released WindowsAgentArena benchmark. Code available at https://github.com/simular-ai/Agent-S.
BibTeX
@inproceedings{
agashe2025agent,
title={Agent S: An Open Agentic Framework that Uses Computers Like a Human},
author={Saaket Agashe and Jiuzhou Han and Shuyu Gan and Jiachen Yang and Ang Li and Xin Eric Wang},
booktitle={The Thirteenth International Conference on Learning Representations},
year={2025},
url={https://openreview.net/forum?id=lIVRgt4nLv}
}