Position: Digital Agents Require Unified Agent-Native Environments
Yiran Wu, Jiale Liu, Jieyu Zhang, Yaolun Zhang, Shilong Liu, Chi Wang, Mengdi Wang, Huazheng Wang
Abstract
Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as digital agents that perform multi-step digital work on a computer, but the environments in which they operate remain fragmented and task-specific. Our position is that digital agents need Agent-Native Computer: interfaces that expose system capabilities through compositional observation and action spaces aligned with LLM strengths. To ground this position, we showcase AgentVM, an environment running on top of a modern operating system, which integrates Graphical User Interface (GUI)-based and text-based interactions over a shared system state, and factors interaction into modular environment views. Through quantitative and qualitative analysis, we show that a unified agent-native computer is essential for building general-purpose digital agents.
BibTeX
@inproceedings{icml2026_positiondigitala,
title = {Position: Digital Agents Require Unified Agent-Native Environments},
author = {Yiran Wu and Jiale Liu and Jieyu Zhang and Yaolun Zhang and Shilong Liu and Chi Wang and Mengdi Wang and Huazheng Wang and Qingyun Wu},
booktitle = {ICML 2026},
year = {2026}
}