SpanPredict: Extraction of Predictive Document Spans with Neural Attention
Vivek Subramanian, Matthew Engelhard, Sam Berchuck, Liqun Chen, Ricardo Henao, Lawrence Carin
Abstract
In many natural language processing applications, identifying predictive text can be as important as the predictions themselves. When predicting medical diagnoses, for example, identifying predictive content in clinical notes not only enhances interpretability, but also allows unknown, descriptive (i.e., text-based) risk factors to be identified. We here formalize this problem as predictive extraction and address it using a simple mechanism based on linear attention. Our method preserves differentiability, allowing scalable inference via stochastic gradient descent. Further, the model decomposes predictions into a sum of contributions of distinct text spans. Importantly, we require only document labels, not ground-truth spans. Results show that our model identifies semantically-cohesive spans and assigns them scores that agree with human ratings, while preserving classification performance.
BibTeX
@inproceedings{subramanian-etal-2021-spanpredict,
title = "{S}pan{P}redict: Extraction of Predictive Document Spans with Neural Attention",
author = "Subramanian, Vivek and
Engelhard, Matthew and
Berchuck, Sam and
Chen, Liqun and
Henao, Ricardo and
Carin, Lawrence",
editor = "Toutanova, Kristina and
Rumshisky, Anna and
Zettlemoyer, Luke and
Hakkani-Tur, Dilek and
Beltagy, Iz and
Bethard, Steven and
Cotterell, Ryan and
Chakraborty, Tanmoy and
Zhou, Yichao",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2021 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies",
month = jun,
year = "2021",
address = "Online",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
url = "https://aclanthology.org/2021.naacl-main.413/",
doi = "10.18653/v1/2021.naacl-main.413",
pages = "5234--5258"
}