NeurIPS 2025poster0 citations

WHAT MAKES MATH PROBLEMS HARD FOR REINFORCEMENT LEARNING: A CASE STUDY

Ali Shehper, Anibal M. Medina-Mardones, Lucas Fagan, Bartłomiej Lewandowski, Angus Gruen, Yang Qiu, Piotr Kucharski, Zhenghan Wang

Abstract

Using a long-standing conjecture from combinatorial group theory, we explore, from multiple perspectives, the challenges of finding rare instances carrying disproportionately high rewards. Based on lessons learned in the context defined by the Andrews--Curtis conjecture, we analyze how reinforcement learning agents handle problems of varying hardness. We also address many mathematical questions as a part of our study. Notably, we demonstrate the length reducibility of all but two presentations in the Akbulut--Kirby series (1981), and resolve various potential counterexamples in the Miller--Schupp series (1991), including three infinite subfamilies.

reinforcement learning for mathematicssparse-rewards searchlong-horizon taskstopological data analysis
BibTeX
@inproceedings{
shehper2025what,
title={{WHAT} {MAKES} {MATH} {PROBLEMS} {HARD} {FOR} {REINFORCEMENT} {LEARNING}: A {CASE} {STUDY}},
author={Ali Shehper and Anibal M. Medina-Mardones and Lucas Fagan and Bart{\l}omiej Lewandowski and Angus Gruen and Yang Qiu and Piotr Kucharski and Zhenghan Wang and Sergei Gukov},
booktitle={The Thirty-ninth Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems},
year={2025},
url={https://openreview.net/forum?id=KIlw9nWydt}
}
WHAT MAKES MATH PROBLEMS HARD FOR REINFORCEMENT LEARNING: A CASE STUDY · NeurIPS 2025