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Changjiang Gao

7 accepted papers

2025

Large Language Models Are Cross-Lingual Knowledge-Free Reasoners

NAACL 2025long

Large Language Models have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities across multiple languages. However, the relationship between capabilities in different languages is less explored. In this work, we decompose the process of reasoning tasks into two separated components: knowledge retrieval an…

2025

Understanding LLMs’ Cross-Lingual Context Retrieval: How Good It Is And Where It Comes From

EMNLP 2025

Cross-lingual context retrieval (extracting contextual information in one language based on requests in another) is a fundamental aspect of cross-lingual alignment, but the performance and mechanism of it for large language models (LLMs) remains unclear. In this paper, we evaluate the cross-lingual

2024

Getting More from Less: Large Language Models are Good Spontaneous Multilingual Learners

EMNLP 2024main

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive language capabilities, while most of them have very unbalanced performance across different languages. Multilingual alignment based on the translation parallel data is an effective method to enhance LLMs’ multilingual capabilities. In this…

2024

Large Language Models are Limited in Out-of-Context Knowledge Reasoning

EMNLP 2024finding

Large Language Models (LLMs) possess extensive knowledge and strong capabilities in performing in-context reasoning. However, previous work challenges their out-of-context reasoning ability, i.e., the ability to infer information from their training data, instead of from the context or prompt. This…

2024

Measuring Meaning Composition in the Human Brain with Composition Scores from Large Language Models

ACL 2024long

The process of meaning composition, wherein smaller units like morphemes or words combine to form the meaning of phrases and sentences, is essential for human sentence comprehension. Despite extensive neurolinguistic research into the brain regions involved in meaning composition, a computational me…

2024

Multilingual Pretraining and Instruction Tuning Improve Cross-Lingual Knowledge Alignment, But Only Shallowly

NAACL 2024long

Despite their strong ability to retrieve knowledge in English, current large language models show imbalance abilities in different languages. Two approaches are proposed to address this, i.e., multilingual pretraining and multilingual instruction tuning. However, whether and how do such methods cont…

2023

Roles of Scaling and Instruction Tuning in Language Perception: Model vs. Human Attention

EMNLP 2023long findings

Recent large language models (LLMs) have revealed strong abilities to understand natural language. Since most of them share the same basic structure, i.e. the transformer block, possible contributors to their success in the training process are scaling and instruction tuning. However, how these fact…

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