Continuous Gaussian Process Pre-Optimization for Asynchronous Event-Inertial Odometry
Zhixiang Wang, Xudong Li, Yizhai Zhang, Fan Zhang, Panfeng Huang
Abstract
Event cameras, as bio-inspired sensors, are asynchronously triggered with high-temporal resolution compared to intensity cameras. Recent work has focused on fusing the event measurements with inertial measurements to enable ego-motion estimation in high-speed and HDR environments. However, existing methods predominantly rely on IMU preintegration designed mainly for synchronous sensors and discrete-time frameworks. In this paper, we propose GPO, a continuous-time preintegration framework that can efficiently achieve tightly-coupled fusion of fully asynchronous sensors. Concretely, we model the preintegration as two local Temporal Gaussian Process (TGP) trajectories and leverage a light-weight two-step optimization to infer the continuous preintegration pseudo-measurements. We show that the Jacobians of arbitrary queried states can be naturally propagated using our framework, which enables GPO to be involved in the asynchronous fusion. Our method realizes a linear and constant time cost for optimization and query, respectively. To further validate the proposal, we leverage GPO to design an asynchronous event-inertial odometry and compare with other asynchronous fusion schemes. Experiments conducted on both public and own-collected datasets demonstrate that the proposed GPO offers significant advantages in terms of accuracy and efficiency, outperforming existing approaches in handling asynchronous sensor fusion.
BibTeX
@inproceedings{ral2026_continuousgaussi,
title = {Continuous Gaussian Process Pre-Optimization for Asynchronous Event-Inertial Odometry},
author = {Zhixiang Wang and Xudong Li and Yizhai Zhang and Fan Zhang and Panfeng Huang},
booktitle = {RA-L 2026},
year = {2026}
}