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Michael Crawshaw

11 accepted papers

2026

An Exploration of Non-Euclidean Gradient Descent: Muon and its Many Variants

ICML 2026poster

To define a steepest descent method over a neural network, we need to choose a norm for each layer, a way to aggregate these norms across layers, and whether to use normalization. We systematically explore different alternatives for aggregating norms across layers, both formalizing existing combinat…

Cited by 0SourceScholar
2026

Non-Euclidean Gradient Descent Operates at the Edge of Stability

ICML 2026oral

The Edge of Stability (EoS) is a phenomenon where the sharpness (largest eigenvalue) of the Hessian converges to $2/\eta$ during training with gradient descent (GD) with a step-size $\eta$. Despite violating classical smoothness assumptions, EoS has been widely observed in deep learning, but its the…

Cited by 0SourceScholar
2025

Complexity Lower Bounds of Adaptive Gradient Algorithms for Non-convex Stochastic Optimization under Relaxed Smoothness

ICLR 2025poster

Recent results in non-convex stochastic optimization demonstrate the convergence of popular adaptive algorithms (e.g., AdaGrad) under the $(L_0, L_1)$-smoothness condition, but the rate of convergence is a higher-order polynomial in terms of problem parameters like the smoothness constants. The comp…

Cited by 0SourcePDFScholar
2025

Constant Stepsize Local GD for Logistic Regression: Acceleration by Instability

ICML 2025poster

Existing analysis of Local (Stochastic) Gradient Descent for heterogeneous objectives requires stepsizes $\eta \leq 1/K$ where $K$ is the communication interval, which ensures monotonic decrease of the objective. In contrast, we analyze Local Gradient Descent for logistic regression with separable,…

Cited by 0SourcePDFScholar
2025

Local Steps Speed Up Local GD for Heterogeneous Distributed Logistic Regression

ICLR 2025poster

We analyze two variants of Local Gradient Descent applied to distributed logistic regression with heterogeneous, separable data and show convergence at the rate $O(1/KR)$ for $K$ local steps and sufficiently large $R$ communication rounds. In contrast, all existing convergence guarantees for Local G…

Cited by 0SourcePDFScholar
2024

Federated Learning under Periodic Client Participation and Heterogeneous Data: A New Communication-Efficient Algorithm and Analysis

NeurIPS 2024poster

In federated learning, it is common to assume that clients are always available to participate in training, which may not be feasible with user devices in practice. Recent works analyze federated learning under more realistic participation patterns, such as cyclic client availability or arbitrary pa…

2024

Provable Benefits of Local Steps in Heterogeneous Federated Learning for Neural Networks: A Feature Learning Perspective

ICML 2024poster

Local steps are crucial for Federated Learning (FL) algorithms and have witnessed great empirical success in reducing communication costs and improving the generalization performance of deep neural networks. However, there are limited studies on the effect of local steps on heterogeneous FL. A few w…

Cited by 1SourcePDFScholar
2023

EPISODE: Episodic Gradient Clipping with Periodic Resampled Corrections for Federated Learning with Heterogeneous Data

ICLR 2023poster

Gradient clipping is an important technique for deep neural networks with exploding gradients, such as recurrent neural networks. Recent studies have shown that the loss functions of these networks do not satisfy the conventional smoothness condition, but instead satisfy a relaxed smoothness conditi…

2023

Federated Learning with Client Subsampling, Data Heterogeneity, and Unbounded Smoothness: A New Algorithm and Lower Bounds

NeurIPS 2023poster

We study the problem of Federated Learning (FL) under client subsampling and data heterogeneity with an objective function that has potentially unbounded smoothness. This problem is motivated by empirical evidence that the class of relaxed smooth functions, where the Lipschitz constant of the gradie…

2022

Fast Composite Optimization and Statistical Recovery in Federated Learning

ICML 2022spotlight

As a prevalent distributed learning paradigm, Federated Learning (FL) trains a global model on a massive amount of devices with infrequent communication. This paper investigates a class of composite optimization and statistical recovery problems in the FL setting, whose loss function consists of a d…

Cited by 19SourcePDFScholar
2022

Robustness to Unbounded Smoothness of Generalized SignSGD

NeurIPS 2022accept

Traditional analyses in non-convex optimization typically rely on the smoothness assumption, namely requiring the gradients to be Lipschitz. However, recent evidence shows that this smoothness condition does not capture the properties of some deep learning objective functions, including the ones inv…

Cited by 83SourcePDFScholar