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Zhenhua Xu

19 accepted papers

2026

DNF: Dual-Layer Nested Fingerprinting for Large Language Model Intellectual Property Protection

ICASSP 2026poster

The rapid growth of large language models raises pressing concerns about intellectual property protection under black-box deployment. Existing backdoor-based fingerprints either rely on rare tokens -- leading to high-perplexity inputs susceptible to filtering -- or use fixed trigger-response mapping…

Cited by 0SourcePDFScholar
2026

FORGETMARK: STEALTHY FINGERPRINT EMBEDDING VIA TARGETED UNLEARNING IN LANGUAGE MODELS

ICASSP 2026poster

Existing invasive (backdoor) fingerprints suffer from high-perplexity triggers that are easily filtered, fixed response patterns exposed by heuristic detectors, and spurious activations on benign inputs. We introduce \textsc{ForgetMark}, a stealthy fingerprinting framework that encodes provenance vi…

Cited by 0SourcePDFScholar
2026

KINGUARD: HIERARCHICAL KINSHIP-AWARE FINGERPRINTING TO DEFEND AGAINST LARGE LANGUAGE MODEL STEALING

ICASSP 2026poster

Protecting the intellectual property of large language models requires robust ownership verification. Conventional backdoor fingerprinting, however, is flawed by a stealth-robustness paradox: to be robust, these methods force models to memorize fixed responses to high-perplexity triggers, but this t…

Cited by 0SourcePDFScholar
2025

CTCC: A Robust and Stealthy Fingerprinting Framework for Large Language Models via Cross-Turn Contextual Correlation Backdoor

EMNLP 2025

The widespread deployment of large language models (LLMs) has intensified concerns around intellectual property (IP) protection, as model theft and unauthorized redistribution become increasingly feasible. To address this, model fingerprinting aims to embed verifiable ownership traces into LLMs. How

2025

DriveGPT4-V2: Harnessing Large Language Model Capabilities for Enhanced Closed-Loop Autonomous Driving

CVPR 2025highlight

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) possess the ability to comprehend visual images or videos, and show impressive reasoning ability thanks to the vast amounts of pretrained knowledge, making them highly suitable for autonomous driving applications. Unlike the previous work, DriveGPT4-V1, which…

Cited by 0SourcePDFScholar
2025

EverTracer: Hunting Stolen Large Language Models via Stealthy and Robust Probabilistic Fingerprint

EMNLP 2025

The proliferation of large language models (LLMs) has intensified concerns over model theft and license violations, necessitating robust and stealthy ownership verification. Existing fingerprinting methods either require impractical white-box access or introduce detectable statistical anomalies. We

2025

LARM: Large Auto-Regressive Model for Long-Horizon Embodied Intelligence

ICML 2025poster

Recent embodied agents are primarily built based on reinforcement learning (RL) or large language models (LLMs). Among them, RL agents are efficient for deployment but only perform very few tasks. By contrast, giant LLM agents (often more than 1000B parameters) present strong generalization while de…

Cited by 1SourcePDFScholar
2025

MEraser: An Effective Fingerprint Erasure Approach for Large Language Models

ACL 2025long

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly prevalent across various sectors, raising critical concerns about model ownership and intellectual property protection. Although backdoor-based fingerprinting has emerged as a promising solution for model authentication, effective attacks for rem…

2025

PREE: Towards Harmless and Adaptive Fingerprint Editing in Large Language Models via Knowledge Prefix Enhancement

EMNLP 2025

Addressing the intellectual property protection challenges in commercial deployment of large language models (LLMs), existing black-box fingerprinting techniques face dual challenges from incremental fine-tuning erasure and feature-space defense due to their reliance on overfitting high-perplexity t

2025

Unlocking the Effectiveness of LoRA-FP for Seamless Transfer Implantation of Fingerprints in Downstream Models

EMNLP 2025

With the rapid development of large language models (LLMs), protecting intellectual property (IP) has become increasingly crucial. To tackle high costs and potential contamination in fingerprint integration, we propose LoRA-FP, a lightweight plug-and-play framework that encodes backdoor fingerprints

2025

VIP: Vision Instructed Pre-training for Robotic Manipulation

ICML 2025poster

The effectiveness of scaling up training data in robotic manipulation is still limited. A primary challenge in manipulation is the tasks are diverse, and the trained policy would be confused if the task targets are not specified clearly. Existing works primarily rely on text instruction to describe…

Cited by 0SourcePDFScholar
2024

DriveGPT4: Interpretable End-to-End Autonomous Driving Via Large Language Model

RA-L 2024

Multimodallarge language models (MLLMs) have emerged as a prominent area of interest within the research community, given their proficiency in handling and reasoning with non-textual data, including images and videos. This study seeks to extend the application of MLLMs to the realm of autonomous dri

Cited by 603SourceScholar
2023

CenterLineDet: CenterLine Graph Detection for Road Lanes with Vehicle-mounted Sensors by Transformer for HD Map Generation

ICRA 2023poster

With the fast development of autonomous driving technologies, there is an increasing demand for high-definition (HD) maps, which provide reliable and robust prior information about the static part of the traffic environments. As one of the important elements in HD maps, road lane centerline is criti…

Cited by 18SourcecodeScholar
2023

RNGDet++: Road Network Graph Detection by Transformer With Instance Segmentation and Multi-Scale Features Enhancement

RA-L 2023

The road network graph is a critical component for downstream tasks in autonomous driving, such as global route planning and navigation. In the past years, road network graphs are usually annotated by human experts manually, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. To annotate road network graph

Cited by 50SourceScholar
2022

csBoundary: City-Scale Road-Boundary Detection in Aerial Images for High-Definition Maps

RA-L 2022

High-Definition (HD) maps can provide precise geometric and semantic information of static traffic environments for autonomous driving. Road-boundary is one important information presented in HD maps since it distinguishes between road areas and off-road areas, which can guide vehicles to drive with

Cited by 37SourceScholar
2021

CP-loss: Connectivity-preserving Loss for Road Curb Detection in Autonomous Driving with Aerial Images

IROS 2021poster

Road curb detection is important for autonomous driving. It can be used to determine road boundaries to constrain vehicles on roads, so that potential accidents could be avoided. Most of the current methods detect road curbs online using vehicle-mounted sensors, such as cameras or 3-D Lidars. Howeve…

Cited by 13SourceScholar
2021

Topo-Boundary: A Benchmark Dataset on Topological Road-Boundary Detection Using Aerial Images for Autonomous Driving

RA-L 2021

Road-boundary detection is important for autonomous driving. It can be used to constrain autonomous vehicles running on road areas to ensure driving safety. Compared with online road-boundary detection using on-vehicle cameras/Lidars, offline detection using aerial images could alleviate the severe

Cited by 49SourcecodeScholar
2021

iCurb: Imitation Learning-Based Detection of Road Curbs Using Aerial Images for Autonomous Driving

RA-L 2021

Detection of road curbs is an essential capability for autonomous driving. It can be used for autonomous vehicles to determine drivable areas on roads. Usually, road curbs are detected on-line using vehicle-mounted sensors, such as video cameras and 3-D Lidars. However, on-line detection using video

Cited by 52SourcecodeScholar