A Bio-inspired Robotic Electric Ray Design of Multimodal Locomotion with Grasping Function
In nature, fish locomotion is primarily classified into the BCF (body and caudal fin) propulsion mode and the MPF (median and paired fin) propulsion mode. This paper presents a bio-inspired robotic electric ray that integrates a BCF-mode caudal fin with MPF-mode pectoral fins. The caudal fin consist