57 accepted papers
Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited strong instruction-following capabilities; however, they often struggle with compositional instructions involving multiple interleaved yet logically independent sub-tasks. These sub-tasks are typically organized in mutually exclusive structures, such as br…
Chain-of-Thought prompting has remarkably advanced LLM reasoning by generating explicit step-by-step tokens, yet its discrete nature inherently limits expressiveness and efficiency, struggling with abstract, ambiguous, or semantically divergent cognition beyond linguistic tokens. Latent reasoning of
Symbolic regression (SR) stands as a cornerstone of scientific discovery, deriving mathematical expressions from observing data. Recent advances incorporate large language models (LLMs) into evolutionary optimization, typically relying on iterative refinement driven by scalar feedback (e.g., mean sq…
Robots operating in everyday environments must understand fine-grained human actions, intentions, and contextual cues from broad views where people occupy only small regions, a capability unmet by current systems. While open-vocabulary action recognition methods remain limited to assigning predefine…
The success of large-scale pre-training paradigm, exemplified by Large Language Models (LLMs), has inspired the development of Time Series Foundation Models (TSFMs). However, their application to financial candlestick (K-line) data remains limited, often underperforming non-pre-trained architectures
Successfully executing grasping tasks within highly cluttered spaces is still a significant hurdle in robotics, especially in scenarios involving severe target occlusion. To tackle this, we present a novel self-supervised framework driven by deep reinforcement learning that enables robots to acquire…
With the growing deployment of large language models (LLMs) across diverse domains, concerns regarding their safety have grown substantially. LLM unlearning has emerged as a pivotal approach to removing harmful or unlawful contents while maintaining utility. Despite increasing interest, the challeng…
Web tasks, which involve processing data from online resources, challenge agents to generalize beyond fixed knowledge to unseen task contexts. Learning from experience, the ability to derive reusable patterns from past tasks, is crucial for improving generalization. However, existing methods focus o…
Model merging aims to integrate the strengths of multiple fine-tuned models into a unified model while preserving task-specific capabilities. Existing methods, represented by task arithmetic, are typically classified into global- and local-aware methods. However, global-aware methods inevitably cau…
Deep networks are prone to catastrophic forgetting during sequential task learning, i.e., losing the knowledge about old tasks upon learning new tasks. To this end, continual learning (CL) has emerged, whose existing methods focus mostly on regulating or protecting the parameters associated with the…
Physics problems constitute a significant aspect of reasoning, necessitating complicated reasoning ability and abundant physics knowledge. However, existing large language models (LLMs) frequently fail due to a lack of knowledge or incorrect knowledge application. To mitigate these issues, we propos…
Logical reasoning has been an ongoing pursuit in the field of AI. Despite significant advancements made by large language models (LLMs), they still struggle with complex logical reasoning problems. To enhance reasoning performance, one promising direction is scalable oversight, which requires LLMs t…
Abstract reasoning, the ability to reason from the abstract essence of a problem, serves as a key to generalization in human reasoning. However, eliciting language models to perform reasoning with abstraction remains unexplored. This paper seeks to bridge this gap by introducing a novel structured r…
Recent years have witnessed a burgeoning interest in federated learning (FL). However, the contexts in which clients engage in sequential learning remain under- explored. Bridging FL and continual learning (CL) gives rise to a challenging practical problem: federated continual learning (FCL). Existi…
In mobile and IoT systems, Federated Learning (FL) is increasingly important for effectively using data while maintaining user privacy. One key challenge in FL is managing statistical heterogeneity, such as non-i.i.d. data, arising from numerous clients and diverse data sources. This requires strate…
In this paper, we investigate a new practical learning scenario, where the data distributed in different sources/clients are typically generated with various modalities. Existing research on learning from multi-source data mostly assume that each client owns the data of all modalities, which may lar…
In this study, we delve into the realm of counterfactual reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Our primary objective is to cultivate the counterfactual thought processes within LLMs and rigorously assess these processes for their validity. Specifically, we introduce a novel task, C…
Drawing on theoretical insights, we advocate an error-based thresholding (EBT) mechanism for learned ISTA (LISTA), which utilizes a function of the layer-wise reconstruction error to suggest a specific threshold for each observation in the shrinkage function of each layer. We show that the proposed…
The spurious correlation between the background features of the image and its label arises due to that the samples labeled with the same class in the training set often co-occurs with a specific background, which will cause the encoder to extract non-semantic features for classification, resulting i…
Large language models (LLMs) exhibit powerful reasoning capacity, as evidenced by prior studies focusing on objective topics that with unique standard answers such as arithmetic and commonsense reasoning. However, the reasoning to definite answers emphasizes more on logical thinking, and falls short…
Although large language models demonstrate remarkable question-answering performances, revealing the intermediate reasoning steps that the models faithfully follow remains challenging. In this paper, we propose FAME (FAithful question answering with MontE-carlo planning) to answer questions based on…
Doubly stochastic matrix plays an essential role in several areas such as statistics and machine learning. In this paper we consider the optimal approximation of a square matrix in the set of doubly stochastic matrices. A structured BFGS method is proposed to solve the dual of the primal problem. Th…
Filter pruning is essential for deploying a well-trained CNN model on edge computation devices with a target computation budget (e.g., FLOPs). Current filter pruning methods mainly focus on leveraging feature maps to analyze the importance of filters, and prune those with less impact on the value of…
Training a good supernet in one-shot NAS methods is difficult since the search space is usually considerably huge (e.g., 13^ 21 ). In order to enhance the supernet's evaluation ability, one greedy strategy is to sample good paths, and let the supernet lean towards the good ones and ease its evaluati…
Emotion recognition in shooting is of great importance for improving athletes’ training methods. However, there is no open and high confident electroencephalography (EEG) dataset about shooting due to the difficulty of data acquisition, which made it a challenge for related studies. In this paper, w…
Knowing the reasoning chains from knowledge to the predicted answers can help construct an explainable question answering (QA) system. Advances on QA explanation propose to explain the answers with entailment trees composed of multiple entailment steps. While current work proposes to generate entail…
In this paper, we propose a comprehensive benchmark to investigate models’ logical reasoning capabilities in complex real-life scenarios. Current explanation datasets often employ synthetic data with simple reasoning structures. Therefore, it cannot express more complex reasoning processes, such as…
Learning adversarially robust models require invariant predictions to a small neighborhood of its natural inputs, often encountering insufficient model capacity. There is research showing that learning multiple sub-models in an ensemble could mitigate this insufficiency, further improving the genera…
"Vision transformers (ViTs) inherited the success of NLP but their structures have not been sufficiently investigated and optimized for visual tasks. One of the simplest solutions is to directly search the optimal one via the widely used neural architecture search (NAS) in CNNs. However, we empirica…
Federated learning (FL) has gain growing interests for its capability of learning from distributed data sources collectively without the need of accessing the raw data samples across different sources. So far FL research has mostly focused on improving the performance, how the algorithmic disparity…
Searching for a more compact network width recently serves as an effective way of channel pruning for the deployment of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) under hardware constraints. To fulfill the searching, a one-shot supernet is usually leveraged to efficiently evaluate the performance \wrt dif…
Resolving pronouns to their referents has long been studied as a fundamental natural language understanding problem. Previous works on pronoun coreference resolution (PCR) mostly focus on resolving pronouns to mentions in text while ignoring the exophoric scenario. Exophoric pronouns are common in d…
Estimated time of arrival (ETA) is one of the most important services in intelligent transportation systems (ITS) and becomes a challenging spatial-temporal (ST) data mining task in recent years. Nowadays, deep learning based methods, specifically recurrent neural networks (RNN) based ones are adapt…
In one-shot weight sharing for NAS, the weights of each operation (at each layer) are supposed to be identical for all architectures (paths) in the supernet. However, this rules out the possibility of adjusting operation weights to cater for different paths, which limits the reliability of the evalu…
Multi-objective multi-task learning aims to boost the performance of all tasks by leveraging their correlation and conflict appropriately. Nevertheless, in real practice, users may have preference for certain tasks, and other tasks simply serve as privileged or auxiliary tasks to assist the training…
The recent trend in multiple object tracking (MOT) is heading towards leveraging deep learning to boost the tracking performance. However, it is not trivial to solve the data-association problem in an end-to-end fashion. In this paper, we propose a novel proposal-based learnable framework, which mod…
Searching for network width is an effective way to slim deep neural networks with hardware budgets. With this aim, a one-shot supernet is usually leveraged as a performance evaluator to rank the performance \wrt~different width. Nevertheless, current methods mainly follow a manually fixed weight sha…
To craft black-box adversarial examples, adversaries need to query the victim model and take proper advantage of its feedback. Existing black-box attacks generally suffer from high query complexity, especially when only the top-1 decision (i.e., the hard-label prediction) of the victim model is avai…
One-shot neural architecture search (NAS) methods significantly reduce the search cost by considering the whole search space as one network, which only needs to be trained once. However, current methods select each operation independently without considering previous layers. Besides, the historical…
Self-supervised Learning (SSL) including the mainstream contrastive learning has achieved great success in learning visual representations without data annotations. However, most of methods mainly focus on the instance level information (\ie, the different augmented images of the same instance shoul…
Unsupervised visual representation learning has gained much attention from the computer vision community because of the recent achievement of contrastive learning. Most of the existing contrastive learning frameworks adopt the instance discrimination as the pretext task, which treating every single…
Previous works have discovered that general DNNs are vulnerable under some subtle and specific perturbations on classification tasks. In recent years, deep neural networks (DNNs) unfolded through sparse coding algorithms have achieved great success in sparse coding problem. Some applications of spar…
Distilling knowledge from an ensemble of teacher models is expected to have a more promising performance than that from a single one. Current methods mainly adopt a vanilla average rule, i.e., to simply take the average of all teacher losses for training the student network. However, this approach t…
Semantic human matting aims to estimate the per-pixel opacity of the foreground human regions. It is quite challenging that usually requires user interactive trimaps and plenty of high quality annotated data. Annotating such kind of data is labor intensive and requires great skills beyond normal use…
Deep neural network compression techniques such as pruning and weight tensor decomposition usually require fine-tuning to recover the prediction accuracy when the compression ratio is high. However, conventional fine-tuning suffers from the requirement of a large training set and the time-consuming…
Training a supernet matters for one-shot neural architecture search (NAS) methods since it serves as a basic performance estimator for different architectures (paths). Current methods mainly hold the assumption that a supernet should give a reasonable ranking over all paths. They thus treat all path…
The structured sparsity-inducing $\ell_{1, \infty}$-norm, as a generalization of the classical $\ell_1$-norm, plays an important role in jointly sparse models which select or remove simultaneously all the variables forming a group. However, its resulting problem is more difficult to solve than the c…
In this paper, we study the learned iterative shrinkage thresholding algorithm (LISTA) for solving sparse coding problems. Following assumptions made by prior works, we first discover that the code components in its estimations may be lower than expected, i.e., require gains, and to address this pr…
Counterpoint is an important concept in Western music theory. In the past century, there have been significant interests in incorporating counterpoint into Chinese folk music composition. In this paper, we propose a reinforcement learning-based system, named FolkDuet, towards the online countermelod…
Unlike the white-box counterparts that are widely studied and readily accessible, adversarial examples in black-box settings are generally more Herculean on account of the difficulty of estimating gradients. Many methods achieve the task by issuing numerous queries to target classification systems,…
Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) is an objective function for end-to-end sequence learning, which adopts dynamic programming algorithms to directly learn the mapping between sequences. CTC has shown promising results in many sequence learning applications including speech recognition and…
Despite the efficacy on a variety of computer vision tasks, deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, limiting their applications in security-critical systems. Recent works have shown the possibility of generating imperceptibly perturbed image inputs (a.k.a., adversarial exa…
Sound event detection (SED) in real life is an interesting but challenging task due to the polyphonic and long-term dependent nature of sound events. Recently, multi-label recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have shown promises. However, even equipped with long short-term memory (LSTM) or gated recurre…
Deep neural networks (DNNs) are computationally/memory-intensive and vulnerable to adversarial attacks, making them prohibitive in some real-world applications. By converting dense models into sparse ones, pruning appears to be a promising solution to reducing the computation/memory cost. This paper…
Metric learning for music is an important problem for many music information retrieval (MIR) applications such as music generation, analysis, retrieval, classification and recommendation. Traditional music metrics are mostly defined on linear transformations of handcrafted audio features, and may be…
The deployment of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in many real world applications is largely hindered by their high computational cost. In this paper, we propose a novel learning scheme for CNNs to simultaneously 1) reduce the model size; 2) decrease the run-time memory footprint; and 3) l…
This work presents a weakly supervised framework with deep neural networks for vision-based continuous sign language recognition, where the ordered gloss labels but no exact temporal locations are available with the video of sign sentence, and the amount of labeled sentences for training is limited.…