← Search

Nakul Gopalan

21 accepted papers

2026

PokeNet: Learning Kinematic Models of Articulated Objects from Human Observations

ICRA 2026poster

Articulation modeling enables robots to learn joint parameters of articulated objects for effective manipulation which can then be used downstream for skill learning or planning. Existing approaches often rely on prior knowledge about the objects, such as the number or type of joints. Some of these …

2024

Hardware-Software Co-Design for Path Planning by Drones

IROS 2024poster

This work consists of two main components: designing a hardware-software co-design, MT+, for adapting the Mikami-Tabuchi algorithm for on-board path planning by drones in a 3D environment; and development of a specialized custom hardware accelerator CDU, as a part of MT+, for parallel collision dete…

Cited by 1SourceScholar
2024

Learning Temporally Composable Task Segmentations with Language

IROS 2024poster

In this work, we present an approach to identify sub-tasks within a demonstrated robot trajectory with the supervision provided by language instructions. Learning longer horizon tasks is challenging with techniques such as reinforcement learning and behavior cloning. Previous approaches have split t…

Cited by 0SourceScholar
2023

Improved Inference of Human Intent by Combining Plan Recognition and Language Feedback

IROS 2023poster

Conversational assistive robots can aid people, especially those with cognitive impairments, to accomplish various tasks such as cooking meals, performing exercises, or operating machines. However, to interact with people effectively, robots must recognize human plans and goals from noisy observatio…

Cited by 1SourceScholar
2023

Investigating the Impact of Experience on a User's Ability to Perform Hierarchical Abstraction

RSS 2023poster

The field of Learning from Demonstration enables end-users, who are not robotics experts, to shape robot behavior. However, using human demonstrations to teach robots to solve long-horizon problems by leveraging the hierarchical structure of the task is still an unsolved problem. Prior work has yet…

Cited by 6SourcePDFScholar
2023

Natural Language Specification of Reinforcement Learning Policies Through Differentiable Decision Trees

RA-L 2023

Human-AI policy specification is a novel procedure we define in which humans can collaboratively warm-start a robot's reinforcement learning policy. This procedure is comprised of two steps; (1) Policy Specification, i.e. humans specifying the behavior they would like their companion robot to accomp

Cited by 11SourcecodeScholar
2022

LanCon-Learn: Learning With Language to Enable Generalization in Multi-Task Manipulation

RA-L 2022

Robots must be capable of learning from previously solved tasks and generalizing that knowledge to quickly perform new tasks to realize the vision of ubiquitous and useful robot assistance in the real world. While multi-task learning research has produced agents capable of performing multiple tasks,

Cited by 39SourceScholar
2022

Negative Result for Learning from Demonstration: Challenges for End-Users Teaching Robots with Task And Motion Planning Abstractions

RSS 2022poster

Learning from demonstration (LfD) seeks to democratize robotics by enabling non-experts to intuitively program robots to perform novel skills through human task demonstration. Yet, LfD is challenging under a task and motion planning setting which requires hierarchical abstractions. Prior work has st…

Cited by 11SourcePDFScholar
2021

"Good Robot! Now Watch This!": Repurposing Reinforcement Learning for Task-to-Task Transfer

CoRL 2021poster

Modern Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms are not sample efficient to train on multi-step tasks in complex domains, impeding their wider deployment in the real world. We address this problem by leveraging the insight that RL models trained to complete one set of tasks can be repurposed to comple…

Cited by 13SourceScholar
2021

Guiding Multi-Step Rearrangement Tasks with Natural Language Instructions

CoRL 2021poster

Enabling human operators to interact with robotic agents using natural language would allow non-experts to intuitively instruct these agents. Towards this goal, we propose a novel Transformer-based model which enables a user to guide a robot arm through a 3D multi-step manipulation task with natural…

Cited by 31SourcecodeScholar
2020

Building Plannable Representations with Mixed Reality

IROS 2020poster

We propose Action-Oriented Semantic Maps (AOSMs), a representation that enables a robot to acquire object manipulation behaviors and semantic information about the environment from a human teacher with a Mixed Reality Head-Mounted Display (MR-HMD). AOSMs are a representation that captures both: a) h…

Cited by 7SourceScholar
2020

Robot Object Retrieval with Contextual Natural Language Queries

RSS 2020poster

Natural language object retrieval is a highly useful yet challenging task for robots in human-centric environments. Previous work has primarily focused on commands specifying the desired object's type such as "scissors" and/or visual attributes such as "red," thus limiting the robot to only known ob…

2020

Simultaneously Learning Transferable Symbols and Language Groundings from Perceptual Data for Instruction Following

RSS 2020poster

Enabling robots to learn tasks and follow instructions as easily as humans is important for many real-world robot applications. Previous approaches have applied machine learning to teach the mapping from language to low dimensional symbolic representations constructed by hand, using demonstration tr…

2019

Flight, Camera, Action! Using Natural Language and Mixed Reality to Control a Drone

ICRA 2019poster

With increasing autonomy, robots like drones are increasingly accessible to untrained users. Most users control drones using a low-level interface, such as a radio-controlled (RC) controller. For a wider adoption of these technologies by the public, a much higher-level interface, such as natural lan…

Cited by 45SourceScholar
2019

Grounding Language Attributes to Objects using Bayesian Eigenobjects

IROS 2019poster

We develop a system to disambiguate object instances within the same class based on simple physical descriptions. The system takes as input a natural language phrase and a depth image containing a segmented object and predicts how similar the observed object is to the object described by the phrase.…

Cited by 23SourceScholar
2018

Learning to Parse Natural Language to Grounded Reward Functions with Weak Supervision

ICRA 2018poster

In order to intuitively and efficiently collaborate with humans, robots must learn to complete tasks specified using natural language. We represent natural language instructions as goal-state reward functions specified using lambda calculus. Using reward functions as language representations allows…

Cited by 74SourceScholar
2018

Sequence-to-Sequence Language Grounding of Non-Markovian Task Specifications

RSS 2018poster

Often times, natural language commands issued to robots not only specify a particular target configuration or goal state but also outline constraints on how the robot goes about its execution. That is, the path taken to achieving some goal state is given equal importance to the goal state itself. On…

Cited by 74SourcePDFScholar
2017

Accurately and Efficiently Interpreting Human-Robot Instructions of Varying Granularities

RSS 2017poster

Humans can ground natural language commands to tasks at both abstract and fine-grained levels of specificity. For instance, a human forklift operator can be instructed to perform a high-level action, like 'grab a pallet' or a low-level action like 'tilt back a little bit.' While robots are also capa…