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Yulong Cao

13 accepted papers

2026

Counterfactual VLA: Self-Reflective Vision-Language-Action Model with Adaptive Reasoning

CVPR 2026

Recent reasoning-augmented Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have improved the interpretability of end-to-end autonomous driving by generating intermediate reasoning traces. Yet these models primarily describe what they perceive and intend to do, rarely questioning whether their planned actions ar

Cited by 0SourceScholar
2026

Latent Chain-of-Thought World Modeling for End-to-End Autonomous Driving

CVPR 2026

Recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models for autonomous driving explore inference-time reasoning as a way to improve driving performance and safety in challenging scenarios. Most prior work uses natural language to express chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning before producing driving actions. However,

Cited by 0SourceScholar
2025

Cocoon: Robust Multi-Modal Perception with Uncertainty-Aware Sensor Fusion

ICLR 2025poster

An important paradigm in 3D object detection is the use of multiple modalities to enhance accuracy in both normal and challenging conditions, particularly for long-tail scenarios. To address this, recent studies have explored two directions of adaptive approaches: MoE-based adaptive fusion, which st…

Cited by 1SourcePDFScholar
2025

Gen-Drive: Enhancing Diffusion Generative Driving Policies with Reward Modeling and Reinforcement Learning Fine-Tuning

ICRA 2025

Autonomous driving necessitates the ability to reason about future interactions between traffic agents and to make informed evaluations for planning. This paper introduces the Gen-Drive framework, which shifts from the traditional prediction and deterministic planning framework to a generation-then-

Cited by 39SourcecodeScholar
2025

Language-Image Models with 3D Understanding

ICLR 2025poster

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have shown incredible capabilities in a variety of 2D vision and language tasks. We extend MLLMs’ perceptual capabilities to ground and reason about images in 3-dimensional space. To that end, we first develop a large-scale pretraining dataset for 2D and 3D…

Cited by 15SourcePDFScholar
2024

Dolphins: Multimodal Language Model for Driving

ECCV 2024poster

"The quest for fully autonomous vehicles (AVs) capable of navigating complex real-world scenarios with human-like understanding and responsiveness. In this paper, we introduce , a novel vision-language model architected to imbibe human-like abilities as a conversational driving assistant. is adept a…

2024

RealGen: Retrieval Augmented Generation for Controllable Traffic Scenarios

ECCV 2024oral

"Simulation plays a crucial role in the development of autonomous vehicles (AVs) due to the potential risks associated with real-world testing. Although significant progress has been made in the visual aspects of simulators, generating complex behavior among agents remains a formidable challenge. It…

2024

Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback for Realistic Traffic Simulation

ICRA 2024poster

In light of the challenges and costs of real-world testing, autonomous vehicle developers often rely on testing in simulation for the creation of reliable systems. A key element of effective simulation is the incorporation of realistic traffic models that align with human knowledge, an aspect that h…

Cited by 16SourceScholar
2023

Language-Guided Traffic Simulation via Scene-Level Diffusion

CoRL 2023oral

Realistic and controllable traffic simulation is a core capability that is necessary to accelerate autonomous vehicle (AV) development. However, current approaches for controlling learning-based traffic models require significant domain expertise and are difficult for practitioners to use. To remedy…

Cited by 94SourceScholar
2022

AdvDO: Realistic Adversarial Attacks for Trajectory Prediction

ECCV 2022poster

"Trajectory prediction is essential for autonomous vehicles (AVs) to plan correct and safe driving behaviors. While many prior works aim to achieve higher prediction accuracy, few studies the adversarial robustness of their methods. To bridge this gap, we propose to study the adversarial robustness…

Cited by 89SourcePDFScholar
2022

Robust Trajectory Prediction against Adversarial Attacks

CoRL 2022oral

Trajectory prediction using deep neural networks (DNNs) is an essential component of autonomous driving (AD) systems. However, these methods are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, leading to serious consequences such as collisions. In this work, we identify two key ingredients to defend trajectory…

Cited by 47SourceScholar
2021

Adversarially Robust 3D Point Cloud Recognition Using Self-Supervisions

NeurIPS 2021poster

3D point cloud data is increasingly used in safety-critical applications such as autonomous driving. Thus, the robustness of 3D deep learning models against adversarial attacks becomes a major consideration. In this paper, we systematically study the impact of various self-supervised learning proxy…

Cited by 58SourcePDFScholar