74 accepted papers
Owing to the weak stereo geometry of satellite images, Planar Block Adjustment (PBA) is a predominant technique for correcting geometric distortions in satellite images, which treats elevation as a known constraint and primarily optimizes planar coordinates. Existing PBA methods mainly rely on expli
Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved impressive performance in semi-supervised graph anomaly detection (GAD). While many GNN variants have been developed for this task, they largely focus on advanced message aggregation schemes, leaving the message routing aspect underexplored. We argue that t
Super-Resolution from a Blurry low-resolution image (SRB) constitutes a severely ill-posed inverse problem. Current learning-based SRB approaches primarily rely on synthetic, well-labeled paired datasets to regularize solution spaces, yet they exhibit limited generalizability in practical applicatio
Exploring how genetic sequences shape phenotypes is a fundamental challenge in biology and a key step toward scalable, hypothesis-driven experimentation. The task is complicated by the large modality gap between sequences and phenotypes, as well as the pleiotropic nature of gene–phenotype relationsh
Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit impressive capabilities but often hallucinate, confidently providing incorrect answers instead of admitting ignorance. Prior work has shown that models encode linear representations of their own knowledge and that activation steering can reduce hallucinations. Th…
We **color-coded** the added changes to the **paper** and **Appendix** for the comfort of our reviewers. Multimodal Language Models (MMLMs) typically undergo post-training alignment to prevent harmful content generation. However, these alignment stages focus primarily on the *assistant* role, leavi…
Modeling complex rigid motion across large spatiotemporal spans remains an unresolved challenge in dynamic reconstruction. Existing paradigms are mainly confined to short-term, small-scale deformation and offer limited consideration for physical consistency. This study proposes PMGS, focusing on rec
Federated fine-tuning is critical for improving the performance of large language models (LLMs) in handling domain-specific tasks while keeping training data decentralized and private. However, prior work has shown that clients' private data can actually be recovered via gradient inversion attacks.…
While recent foundation models for remote sensing segmentation have shown notable progress, they still fall short in processing diverse multi-modal inputs, synergizing complementary prompt types, and leveraging semantic hierarchies. To address these limitations, we introduce SkySense-VITA, a unified
Speculative decoding mitigates the memory-bound nature of LLM decoding by using a lightweight draft model to propose multiple tokens for parallel verification. However, its adoption has been limited by the lack of high-quality draft models and scalable training infrastructure. We introduce SpecForge…
We introduce VL-JEPA, a vision-language model built on a Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture (JEPA). Instead of autoregressively generating tokens as in classical VLMs, VL-JEPA predicts continuous embeddings of the target texts. By learning in an abstract representation space, the model can focu…
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a nuclear medical imaging technique where image quality depends on the dose of radionuclides administered to the patient. While standard-dose PET (SPET) offers high-quality imaging, it also poses radiation risks. If reconstructing low-dose PET (LPET) images can…
LLMs often adopt an assertive language style also when making false claims. Such ”overconfident hallucinations” mislead users and erode trust. Achieving the ability to express in language the actual degree of uncertainty around a claim is therefore of great importance. We find that ”verbal uncertain
Semi-dense feature matching methods have shown strong performance in challenging scenarios. However, the existing pipeline relies on a global search across the entire feature map to establish coarse matches, limiting further improvements in accuracy and efficiency. Motivated by this limitation, we p…
Federated learning (FL) has been widely used in medical image processing to protect data privacy, but it has issues with data heterogeneity. Personalized federated learning have emerged to tackle these issues but often focuses too much on personalized models at the expense of global models. To addre…
Diffusion models have transformed generative modeling but suffer from scalability limitations due to computational overhead and inflexible architectures that process all generative stages and tokens uniformly. In this work, we introduce Diff-MoE, a novel framework that combines Diffusion Transformer…
Recent advances indicate that diffusion model holds great promise in image super-resolution. While latest methods are primarily based on latent diffusion models with convolutional neural networks, there are few attempts to explore transformers, which have demonstrated remarkable performance in image…
A language model (LM) is a mapping from a linguistic context to an output token. However, much remains to be known about this mapping, including how its geometric properties relate to its function. We take a high-level geometric approach to its analysis, observing, across five pre-trained transforme…
This paper explores scene affinity (AIScene), namely intra-scene consistency and inter-scene correlation, for semi-supervised LiDAR semantic segmentation in driving scenes. Adopting teacher-student training, AIScene employs a teacher network to generate pseudo-labeled scenes from unlabeled data, whi…
By virtue of linguistic compositionality, few syntactic rules and a finite lexicon can generate an unbounded number of sentences. That is, language, though seemingly high-dimensional, can be explained using relatively few degrees of freedom. An open question is whether contemporary language models (…
Recent advances in 3D Gaussian Splatting have shown remarkable potential for novel view synthesis. However, most existing large-scale scene reconstruction methods rely on the divide-and-conquer paradigm, which often leads to the loss of global scene information and requires complex parameter tuning…
Feature matching between image pairs is a fundamental problem in computer vision that drives many applications, such as SLAM. Recently, semi-dense matching approaches have achieved substantial performance enhancements and established a widely-accepted coarse-to-fine paradigm. However, the majority…
The task of “unlearning” certain concepts in large language models (LLMs) has gained attention for its role in mitigating harmful, private, or incorrect outputs. Current evaluations mostly rely on behavioral tests, without monitoring residual knowledge in model parameters, which can be adversarially
Video-based physiology, exemplified by remote photoplethysmography (rPPG), extracts physiological signals such as pulse and respiration by analyzing subtle changes in video recordings. This non-contact, real-time monitoring method holds great potential for home settings. Despite the valuable contrib…
Lip-reading is to utilize the visual information of the speaker’s lip movements to recognize words and sentences. Existing event-based lip-reading solutions integrate different frame rate branches to learn spatio-temporal features of varying granularities. However, aggregating events into event fram…
Generative large language models ( LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in various industrial applications, owing to their promising In-Context Learning capabilities. However, the issue of long context in complex tasks poses a significant barrier to their wider adoption, manifested in two main asp
Recent years have witnessed the great success of denoising diffusion samplers in improving the generative capability and sampling efficiency given a pre-trained diffusion model. However, most sampling schedulers in diffusion models lack the sampling dynamics and planning capability for future genera…
Transformers have been widely regarded as a promising direction for breaking through the performance bottlenecks of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), primarily due to their global receptive fields. However, a recent empirical study suggests that tuned classical GNNs can match or even outperform state-of…
Large language models (LLMs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks that can elicit harmful responses. Defending against such attacks remains challenging due to the opacity of jailbreaking mechanisms and the high computational cost of training LLMs robustly. We demonstrate that adversarial attacks sh…
In this paper, we introduce DiscoGP, a novel framework for extracting self-contained modular units, or sheaves, within neural language models (LMs). Sheaves extend the concept of functional circuits, a unit widely explored in interpretability research, by considering not only subsets of edges in an
The multi-modal remote sensing foundation model (MM-RSFM) has significantly advanced various Earth observation tasks, such as urban planning, environmental monitoring, and natural disaster management. However, most existing approaches generally require the training of separate backbone networks for…
Automatic text summarization has a potential flaw that affects the factuality of summaries. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been introduced as detectors for factual inconsistencies in summaries. However, LLM-based methods rely on reasoning capabilities and face challenges in terms of eff…
Text2Sql is a task that converts natural language questions into SQL queries. In previous research on LLM fine-tuning, researchers typically input both the entire database schema and the natural language question into the model. This approach has two issues: 1) the model’s context is limited when de…
Large language models (LLMs) excel on a variety of reasoning benchmarks, but previous studies suggest they sometimes struggle to generalize to unseen questions, potentially due to over-reliance on memorized training examples. However, the precise conditions under which LLMs switch between reasoning…
"Detector-free local feature matching methods have demonstrated significant performance improvements since leveraging the power of Transformer architecture. The global receptive field allows for simultaneous interaction among all elements, proving particularly beneficial in regions with low texture…
Reinforcement learning (RL) can align language models with non-differentiable reward signals, such as human preferences. However, a major challenge arises from the sparsity of these reward signals - typically, there is only a single reward for an entire output. This sparsity of rewards can lead to i…
Keypoint detection and tracking in traditional image frames are often compromised by image quality issues such as motion blur and extreme lighting conditions. Event cameras offer potential solutions to these challenges by virtue of their high temporal resolution and high dynamic range. However, they…
Natural language processing (NLP) has received unprecedented attention. While advancements in NLP models have led to extensive research into their backdoor vulnerabilities, the potential for these advancements to introduce new backdoor threats remains unexplored. This paper proposes Imperio, which h…
"The curvature of ODE trajectories in diffusion models hinders their ability to generate high-quality images in a few number of function evaluations (NFE). In this paper, we propose a novel and effective approach to reduce trajectory curvature by utilizing adaptive conditions. By employing a extreme…
State-of-the-art language models (LMs) sometimes generate that misalign with world knowledge. To explore the mechanistic causes of these hallucinations, we create diagnostic datasets with subject-relation queries and adapt interpretability methods to trace hallucinations through internal model repre…
"Large-scale self-supervised pre-training has paved the way for one foundation model to handle many different vision tasks. Most pre-training methodologies train a single model of a certain size at one time. Nevertheless, various computation or storage constraints in real-world scenarios require sub…
"Segment anything model (SAM) is a promising prompt-guided vision foundation model to segment objects of interest. However, the extensive computational requirements of SAM have limited its applicability in resource-constraint edge devices. Post-training quantization (PTQ) is an effective potential f…
Severe appearance changes represent a pervasive and intricate challenge within Visual Place Recognition (VPR) tasks, and the current best solution adopts a composite strategy encompassing global retrieval and reranking. However, these reranking techniques necessitate sophisticated considerations to
Prior studies on Remote Sensing Foundation Model (RSFM) reveal immense potential towards a generic model for Earth Observation. Nevertheless these works primarily focus on a single modality without temporal and geo-context modeling hampering their capabilities for diverse tasks. In this study we pre…
Robust keypoint detection and tracking are crucial for various robotic tasks. However, conventional cameras struggle under rapid motion and lighting changes, hindering local and edge feature extraction essential for keypoint detection and tracking. Event cameras offer advantages in such scenarios du
Most of the artificial lights fluctuate in response to the grid's alternating current and exhibit subtle variations in terms of both intensity and spectrum, providing the potential to estimate the Electric Network Frequency (ENF) from conventional frame-based videos. Nevertheless, the performance of…
After just a few hundred training updates, a standard probabilistic model for language generation has likely not yet learnt many semantic or syntactic rules of natural language, making it difficult to estimate the probability distribution over next tokens. Yet around this point, these models have id…
Detecting arbitrarily oriented tiny objects poses intense challenges to existing detectors, especially for label assignment. Despite the exploration of adaptive label assignment in recent oriented object detectors, the extreme geometry shape and limited feature of oriented tiny objects still induce…
Event-based motion deblurring has shown promising results by exploiting low-latency events. However, current approaches are limited in their practical usage, as they assume the same spatial resolution of inputs and specific blurriness distributions. This work addresses these limitations and aims to…
In few-shot unsupervised domain adaptation (FS-UDA), most existing methods followed the few-shot learning (FSL) methods to leverage the low-level local features (learned from conventional convolutional models, e.g., ResNet) for classification. However, the goal of FS-UDA and FSL are relevant yet dis…
While mislabeled or ambiguously-labeled samples in the training set could negatively affect the performance of deep models, diagnosing the dataset and identifying mislabeled samples helps to improve the generalization power. Training dynamics, i.e., the traces left by iterations of optimization algo…
The meaning of polysemous words often varies in a highly productive yet predictable way. Generalizing the regularity between conventional senses to derive novel word meaning is crucial for automated processing of non-literal language uses such as figurative expressions. We introduce a novel task cal…
Humans often make creative use of words to expressnovel senses. A long-standing effort in natural language processing hasbeen focusing on word sense disambiguation (WSD), but little has been explored about how the sense inventory of a word may be extended toward novel meanings. We present a paradigm…
Focus control (FC) is crucial for cameras to capture sharp images in challenging real-world scenarios. The autofocus (AF) facilitates the FC by automatically adjusting the focus settings. However, due to the lack of effective AF methods for the recently introduced event cameras, their FC still relie…
In this paper, we tackle the problem of blind image super-resolution(SR) with a reformulated degradation model and two novel modules. Following the common practices of blind SR, our method proposes to improve both the kernel estimation as well as the kernel-based high-resolution image restoration. T…
We introduce an adaptive tree search algorithm, which is a deterministic variant of Monte Carlo tree search, that can find high-scoring outputs under translation models that make no assumptions about the form or structure of the search objective. This algorithm enables the exploration of new kinds o…
Compressed sensing based algorithms are utilized to obtain high-resolution time-frequency distribution (TFD) with negligible cross-terms (CTs), however, performance deteriorates when the signal is composed of closely-located or overlapped components. Moreover, there is still an impressive resolution…
Few-shot Text Classification predicts the semantic label of a given text with a handful of supporting instances. Current meta-learning methods have achieved satisfying results in various few-shot situations. Still, they often require a large amount of data to construct many few-shot tasks for meta-t…
"Detecting tiny objects is one of the main obstacles hindering the development of object detection. The performance of generic object detectors tends to drastically deteriorate on tiny object detection tasks. In this paper, we point out that either box prior in the anchor-based detector or point pri…
The Event-based Synthetic Aperture Imaging (E-SAI) has recently been proposed to see through extremely dense occlusions. However, the performance of E-SAI is not consistent under sparse occlusions due to the dramatic decrease of signal events. This paper addresses this problem by leveraging the meri…
Slow shutter speed and long exposure time of frame-based cameras often cause visual blur and loss of inter-frame information, degenerating the overall quality of captured videos. To this end, we present a unified framework of event-based motion deblurring and frame interpolation for blurry video enh…
We propose a new architecture for adapting a sentence-level sequence-to-sequence transformer by incorporating multiple pre-trained document context signals and assess the impact on translation performance of (1) different pretraining approaches for generating these signals, (2) the quantity of paral…
Synthetic aperture imaging (SAI) is able to achieve the see through effect by blurring out the off-focus foreground occlusions and reconstructing the in-focus occluded targets from multi-view images. However, very dense occlusions and extreme lighting conditions may bring significant disturbances to…
A well-defined benchmark is essential for measuring and accelerating research progress of machine learning models. In this paper, we present a benchmark for high-level mathematical reasoning and study the reasoning capabilities of neural sequence-to-sequence models. We build a non-synthetic dataset…
In this paper, we propose an end-to-end learning framework for event-based motion deblurring in a self-supervised manner, where real-world events are exploited to alleviate the performance degradation caused by data inconsistency. To achieve this end, optical flows are predicted from events, with wh…
Natural language relies on a finite lexicon to express an unbounded set of emerging ideas. One result of this tension is the formation of new compositions, such that existing linguistic units can be combined with emerging items into novel expressions. We develop a framework that exploits the cogniti…
We show state-of-the-art word representation learning methods maximize an objective function that is a lower bound on the mutual information between different parts of a word sequence (i.e., a sentence). Our formulation provides an alternative perspective that unifies classical word embedding models…
Event-based cameras are a new type of vision sensor that can encode spatial-temporal context in a pixel-level event stream. Its appealing properties offer great potential for applications requiring low processing latency and low power consumption. As an effective representation of events, the surfac
With extremely high temporal resolution, event cameras have a large potential for robotics and computer vision. However, their asynchronous imaging mechanism often aggravates the measurement sensitivity to noises and brings a physical burden to increase the image spatial resolution. To recover high-…
Visible and near-infrared (VIS-NIR) face recognition remains a challenging task due to distinctions between spectral components of two modalities. Inspired by the CycleGAN, this paper presents a method aiming to translate between VIS and NIR face images. To achieve this, we propose a new facial feat…
We present a new theoretical perspective of data noising in recurrent neural network language models (Xie et al., 2017). We show that each variant of data noising is an instance of Bayesian recurrent neural networks with a particular variational distribution (i.e., a mixture of Gaussians whose weig…
We formulate sequence to sequence transduction as a noisy channel decoding problem and use recurrent neural networks to parameterise the source and channel models. Unlike direct models which can suffer from explaining-away effects during training, noisy channel models must produce outputs that expla…
Recent advances in neural variational inference have spawned a renaissance in deep latent variable models. In this paper we introduce a generic variational inference framework for generative and conditional models of text. While traditional variational methods derive an analytic approximation for th…
We propose a novel object detection framework for partially-occluded small instances, such as pedestrians in low resolution surveillance video, cells under a microscope, flocks of small animals (e.g. birds, fishes), or even tiny insects like honeybees and flies. These scenarios are very challenging…